Prevalence of Depression:
Depression in Children and Adolescents:
A number
of epidemiological studies have reported that up to 2.5 percent of children and
up to 8.3 percent of adolescents in the U.S. suffer from depression. An
NIMH-sponsored study of 9- to 17-year-olds estimates that the prevalence of any
depression is more than 6 percent in a 6-month period, with 4.9 percent having
major depression. In addition, research indicates that depression
onset is occurring earlier in life today than in past decades. A recently
published longitudinal prospective study found that early-onset depression
often persists, recurs, and continues into adulthood, and indicates that
depression in youth may also predict more severe illness in adult life.
Depression in young people often co-occurs with other mental disorders, most
commonly anxiety, disruptive behavior, or substance abuse disorders, and with physical illnesses, such as diabetes.
Prevalence of Depression by Race/Ethnicity:
Prevalence of major depressive
disorder differed significantly by racial/ethnic group, with the
highest prevalence in White participants. Mexican American and White
individuals had significantly earlier onset of major depressive
disorder compared with African American individuals .Overall, persons
living in poverty had nearly 1.5 times the prevalence of major
depressive disorder; however, poverty was significantly associated
with prevalence of major depressive disorder only for White
respondents. Lack of education (< 8 years of school) was
significantly associated with prevalence of major depressive
disorder only for Mexican American individuals.
In
contrast to the comparative rates for major depressive disorder, the
prevalence of dysthymic disorder was significantly greater among
African American and Mexican American individuals compared with
Whites. After we controlled for poverty, lack of education remained
a significant risk factor for dysthymic disorder. In addition,
significant interactions occurred between race/ethnicity, gender,
and education in relation to prevalence of dysthymic disorder.
Specifically, for White respondents (of both genders), a precipitous
decline in prevalence of dysthymic disorder was seen with any
education beyond middle school (> 8 years of education); however,
for Mexican American and African American subjects, the incremental
effect of education on the prevalence of dysthymia was less evident
and depended on
gender.
Prevalence statistics for Depression:
The
following
statistics relate to the prevalence of Depression:
·
6.5% of women have a major depressive
disorder in the US (National Institute of Mental Health, NIH)
·
3.3% of men have a major depressive
disorder in the US (National Institute of Mental Health, NIH)
·
6.7 million women have a major
depressive disorder in the US 1998 (National Institute of Mental Health, NIH)
·
3.2 million men have a major depressive
disorder in the US 1998 (National Institute of Mental Health, NIH)
·
4-5% of population have major depression
in Canada (National Population Health Survey, Health Canada).
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